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Table 1 Conditions used in simulations for 24 models of the GTR family.

From: Performance of criteria for selecting evolutionary models in phylogenetics: a comprehensive study based on simulated datasets

Simulation

Parameter set

Tree height

Ntaxa

Nchar

Simulation software

No.

I

A

0.7

30

1000

Seq-Gen

I-1

 

A

0.5

30

1000

Seq-Gen

I-2

 

A

0.3

30

1000

Seq-Gen

I-3

 

A

0.1

30

1000

Seq-Gen

I-4

 

B

0.7

30

1000

Seq-Gen

I-5

 

B

0.5

30

1000

Seq-Gen

I-6

 

B

0.3

30

1000

Seq-Gen

I-7

 

B

0.1

30

1000

Seq-Gen

I-8

II

A

0.5

22

1000

Seq-Gen

II-1

 

A

0.5

50

1000

Seq-Gen

II-2

III

A

0.5

22

1000

Mesquite

III-1

IV

A

Nonclock

22

1000

Seq-Gen

IV-1

V

A

0.5

30

300

Seq-Gen

V-1

 

A

0.5

30

2000

Sen-Gen

V-2

  1. One hundred replicates were performed for each set of conditions. The models consisted of JC (0) [61], K80 (1) [62], SYM (5) [63], F81 (3) [64], HKY (4) [65, 66], GTR (8) [67], JC + I (1), K80 + I (2), SYM + I (6), F81 + I (4), HKY + I (4), GTR + I (9), JC + Γ (1), K80 + Γ (2), SYM + Γ (6), F81 + Γ (4), HKY + Γ (4), GTR + Γ (9), JC + I + Γ (2), K80 + I + Γ (3), SYM + I + Γ (7), F81 + I + Γ (5), HKY + I + Γ (5) and GTR + I + Γ (10), where 'I' represents the proportion of invariable sites, 'Γ' represents the discrete gamma distribution with four rate categories, and number in parentheses is the number of free parameters of each model. One classification of the 24 models was to put them into four categories: base (JC, K80, etc.), base + I (JC + I, K80 + I, etc.), base + Γ (JC + Γ, K80 + Γ, etc.) and base + I + Γ (JC + I + Γ, K80 + I + Γ, etc.). The other was that models with the same number of free parameters were grouped together, resulting in a total of 11 categories. In addition, we called every four models having the same parameters in the substitution-rate matrix as base-like models (e.g., the four models of SYM, SYM + I, SYM + Γ, SYM + I + Γ were called as SYM-like models).