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Table 4 Compilation of the primary morphological findings of this study related to the sea urchin anterior stomach in the form of a character matrix.

From: Origin and evolutionary plasticity of the gastric caecum in sea urchins (Echinodermata: Echinoidea)

Taxon/Character

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Histocidaridae

0

1

0

-

0

0

-

-

-

-

-

0

-

Ctenocidaridae

0

1

0

-

0

0

-

-

-

-

-

0

-

Cidaridae

0

1

0

-

0

0

-

-

-

-

-

0

-

Psychocidaridae

0

1

0

-

0

0

-

-

-

-

-

0

-

Phormosomatidae

0

1

1

0

0

1

0

-

0

-

0

0

0

Echinothuriidae

0

1

1

0

0

1

0

-

0

-

0

0

0

Pedinidae

0

1

1

0/1

0

1

0

-

0

-

0

0

0

Micropygidae

0

1

1

0

0

1

0

-

0

-

0

0

0

Aspidodiadematidae

0

1

1

0

0

1

0

-

0

-

0

0

0

Diadematidae

0

1

1

0

0

1

0

-

0

-

0

1

1

Glyptocidaridae

0

1

1

0

0

1

0

-

0

-

0

0

0

Stomopneustidae

0

1

1

0

0

1

0

-

0

-

0

0

0

Arbaciidae

0

1

1

1

0

1

0

-

0

-

0

0

0

Saleniidae

0

1

1

1

0

1

0

-

0

-

0

0

0

Temnopleuridae

0

1

1

1

0

1

0

-

0

-

0

0

0

Trigonocidaridae

0

1

1

1

0

1

0

-

0

-

0

0

0

Parasaleniidae

0

1

1

0

0

1

0

-

0

-

0

0

0

Parechinidae

0

1

1

1

0

1

0

-

0

-

0

0

0

Echinidae

0

1

1

1

0

1

0

-

0

-

0

0

0

Echinometridae

0

1

1

0

0

1

0

-

0

-

0

0

0

Strongylocentrotidae

0

1

1

0/1

0

1

0

-

0

-

0

0

0

Toxopneustidae

0

1

1

0/1

0

1

0

-

0

-

0

0

0

Echinoneidae

0

0

-

-

0

1

1

-

0

0

1

0

-

Apatopygidae

0

0

-

-

0

1

1

-

0

1

1

0

-

Cassidulidae

0

0

-

-

0

1

2

0

0

?

1

0

-

Echinolampadidae

0

0

-

-

0

1

2

0

0

?

1

0

-

Neolampadidae

0

0

-

-

0

1

2

0

0

?

1

0

-

Clypeasteridae

0

0

-

-

0

1

2

1

0

?

1

1

-

Arachnoididae

0

0

-

-

0

1

2

1

0

?

1

0

-

Laganidae

0

0

-

-

0

0

-

-

-

-

-

0

-

Fibulariidae

0

0

-

-

0

0

-

-

-

-

-

0

-

Rotulidae

0

0

-

-

0

0

-

-

-

-

-

0

-

Echinarachniidae

0

0

-

-

1

0

-

-

-

-

-

0

-

Dendrasteridae

0

0

-

-

1

0

-

-

-

-

-

0

-

Astriclypeidae

0

0

-

-

1

0

-

-

-

-

-

0

-

Mellitidae

0

0

-

-

1

0

-

-

-

-

-

0

-

Corystidae

1

0

-

-

0

1

1

-

1

1

1

0

-

Urechinidae

1

0

-

-

0

1

1

-

1

1

1

0

-

Plexechinidae

1

0

-

-

0

1

1

-

1

1

1

0

-

Pourtalesiidae

1

0

-

-

0

1

1

-

0/1

1

1

0

-

Aeropsidae

1

0

-

-

0

0

-

-

-

-

-

0

-

Hemiasteridae

1

0

-

-

0

1

1

-

0

1

1

0

-

Paleopneustidae

1

0

-

-

0

1

1

-

?

?

?

0

-

Prenasteridae

1

0

-

-

0

1

1

-

?

?

?

0

-

Schizasteridae

1

0

-

-

0

0/1

-/1

-

-/0

-/1

-/1

0

-

Brissidae

1

0

-

-

0

1

1

-

1

1

1

0

-

Brissopsidae

1

0

-

-

0

1

1

-

1

1

1

0

-

Loveniidae

1

0

-

-

0

1

1

-

1

1

1

0

-

Spatangidae

1

0

-

-

0

1

1

-

1

1

1

0

-

Maretiidae

1

0

-

-

0

1

1

-

1

1

1

0

-

Asterostomatidae

1

0

-

-

0

1

1

-

1

1

1

0

-

  1. The results have been condensed in order to provide a general overview of the phylogenetically informative characters (13 in total) that could be derived from our analysis. See the "Phylogenetic implications" section of the "Discussion" for an explanation of the characters used. - = not applicable, ? = data not available.