Figure 8

Observed and null model expected distances of haplotypes from the MRCA in southern and northern regions of phylogroups L3 and L5. Null model distributions were generated by randomising the geographic states of alleles (see text for details). Arrows indicate observed distances. For both phylogroups the average distance of southern haplotypes from the MRCA is significantly less than would be expected by chance, and the average distance of northern haplotypes from the MRCA is significantly greater than would be expected by chance. L3 southern populations: 78, 81, 82, 83, 85, 93 and 94; L3 northern populations: 87, 89, 90, 91 and 92; L5 southern: 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 53, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 and 100; L5 northern populations: 56, 58, 78, 79, 82, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106 and 108.