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Table 1 Haplogroup coalescence time estimates

From: Large scale mitochondrial sequencing in Mexican Americans suggests a reappraisal of Native American origins

  

All substitutions

Synonymous transitions

Synonymous substitutions

Haplogroup

N

ρ

σ

T (ky) a

ρ

σ

T (ky) b

ρ

σ

T (ky) c

95% CI (ky) d

A4

  

171

5.36

1.33

27.5 ± 6.8

2.86

0.94

19.4 ± 6.4

2.88

0.94

22.7 ± 7.4

8.2-37.2

 

A2

 

158

3.48

0.24

17.9 ± 1.2

1.89

0.19

12.8 ± 1.3

1.92

0.19

15.1 ± 1.5

12.2-18.0

 

A2*

 

133

3.80

0.25

19.5 ± 1.3

2.03

0.19

13.7 ± 1.3

2.05

0.19

16.1 ± 1.5

13.2-19.1

 

A4a

 

6

1.83

0.83

9.4 ± 4.3

1.50

0.80

10.1 ± 5.4

1.50

0.80

11.8 ± 6.3

0-24.2

 

A4b

 

3

3.00

1.20

15.4 ± 6.2

0.66

0.47

4.5 ± 3.2

1.00

0.58

7.9 ± 4.6

0-16.8

 

A4c

 

4

4.50

1.06

23.1 ± 5.5

2.25

0.75

15.2 ± 5.1

2.25

0.75

17.7 ± 5.9

6.1-29.2

 

B2

 

96

4.05

0.39

20.8 ± 2.0

2.21

0.31

14.9 ± 2.1

2.30

0.31

18.1 ± 2.4

13.3-22.9

  

B2b

8

4.50

0.94

23.1 ± 4.8

2.13

0.62

14.4 ± 4.2

2.13

0.62

16.8 ± 4.9

7.2-26.3

C4

  

35

4.09

0.90

21.0 ± 4.6

2.54

0.81

17.2 ± 5.5

2.54

0.81

20.0 ± 6.4

7.5-32.5

 

C4a

 

12

5.00

1.44

25.7 ± 7.4

2.75

1.05

18.6 ± 7.1

2.75

1.05

21.6 ± 8.3

5.4-37.8

 

C4b

 

21

1.81

0.43

9.3 ± 2.2

0.86

0.36

5.8 ± 2.4

0.86

0.36

6.8 ± 2.8

1.2-12.3

 

C4c**

 

2

4.00

1.41

20.6 ± 7.3

1.50

0.87

10.1 ± 5.9

1.50

0.87

11.8 ± 6.8

0-25.2

 

C1

 

160

4.20

0.28

21.6 ± 2.7

2.056

0.19

13.9 ± 1.3

2.08

0.19

16.4 ± 1.5

13.5-19.3

  

C1a

4

1.50

0.61

7.7 ± 3.2

0.25

0.25

1.7 ± 1.7

0.25

0.25

1.9 ± 1.9

0-5.8

  

C1b

47

3.49

0.44

17.9 ± 2.3

2.34

0.39

15.8 ± 2.6

2.34

0.39

18.4 ± 3.1

12.4-24.4

  

C1c

28

4.32

0.65

22.2 ± 3.3

2.64

0.54

17.9 ± 3.7

2.71

0.55

21.3 ± 4.3

12.8-29.8

  

C1d

81

3.91

0.86

20.1 ± 4.4

1.70

0.21

11.5 ± 1.4

1.72

0.21

13.5 ± 1.7

10.2-16.8

D4e1

 

53

4.70

1.76

24.1 ± 9.0

2.28

1.27

15.4 ± 8.6

2.28

1.27

17.9 ± 10

0-37.5

 

D2

 

50

2.84

1.23

14.6 ± 6.3

1.38

0.90

9.3 ± 6.1

1.38

0.90

10.9 ± 7.1

0-24.8

 

D4e1c**

 

2

0.50

0.50

2.6 ± 2.6

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

D1

 

49

3.35

0.39

17.2 ± 2.0

1.84

0.28

12.4 ± 1.9

1.90

0.28

14.9 ± 2.2

10.6-19.3

  

D1f

4

3.75

1.15

19.3 ± 5.9

1.75

0.75

11.8 ± 5.1

1.75

0.75

13.8 ± 5.9

2.2-25.3

  1. a mutation rate: one base substitution in the coding region per 5, 140 years [58].
  2. b mutation rate: one synonymous transition per 6, 764 year [76].
  3. c Calculated using as per calibrated mutation rate of Soares et al. [59].
  4. d 95% confidence interval: negative values are zeroed.
  5. * Excluding branches A2a and A2b.
  6. ** Only two sequences hence coalescent age not reliable.
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BMC Ecology and Evolution

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