Integrative analyses of speciation and divergence in Psammodromus hispanicus(Squamata: Lacertidae)

Fitze, Patrick S; Gonzalez-Jimena, Virginia; San-Jose, Luis M; San Mauro, Diego; Aragón, Pedro; Suarez, Teresa; Zardoya, Rafael

doi:10.1186/1471-2148-11-347

BMC Ecology and Evolution

Table 3 Phenotypic differences between the three P. hispanicus lineages

From: Integrative analyses of speciation and divergence in Psammodromus hispanicus(Squamata: Lacertidae)

	a. Loadings		b. Means ± SE per lineage			c. Univariate ANOVAs
Variable	LF1	LF2	edwardsianuslineage	Central lineage	Western lineage	test statistic	P _adjusted
Femoral pores (#)	-4.180	0.858	12.1 ± 0.1	9.9 ± 0.1	11.2 ± 0.2	F _2,208 = 102.03	< 0.001
Throat scales (#)	-3.247	-0.165	20.4 ± 0.2	17.9 ± 0.2	18.9 ± 0.3	F _2,208 = 40.55	< 0.001
Ocelli (#)	-2.387	1.473	1.9 ± 0.1	0.7 ± 0.1	2.0 ± 0.4	F _2,208 = 31.71	< 0.001
SVL ratio	-2.262	-0.117	2.492 ± 0.038	2.199 ± 0.039	2.337 ± 0.053	F _2,208 = 12.46	< 0.001
Snout shape	-0.524	1.221	1.065 ± 0.005	1.043 ± 0.006	1.098 ± 0.009	F _2,208 = 12.36	< 0.001
Anal scale width (mm)	-0.304	0.446	0.063 ± 0.001	0.061 ± 0.001	0.066 ± 0.001	F _2,208 = 3.77	0.024
Body mass (g)	1.192	-0.794	1.693 ± 0.03	1.877 ± 0.04	1.866 ± 0.07	F _2,208 = 7.12	0.003
Ventral scales (#)	1.416	-0.741	24.6 ± 0.2	25.8 ± 0.3	25.1 ± 0.4	F _2,208 = 6.55	0.004
Head ratio	1.423	-0.483	0.482 ± 0.003	0.500 ± 0.002	0.498 ± 0.004	F _2,208 = 7.49	0.001
SVL (mm)	2.094	-0.882	46.39 ± 0.33	49.81 ± 0.43	48.31 ± 0.72	F _2,208 = 18.04	0.001
Collar scales (#)	2.225	-1.185	0.3 ± 0.1	1.3 ± 0.2	0.7 ± 0.2	H^a_2,208 = 29.25	< 0.001
Nuptial coloration	3.774	1.266	0.5 ± 0.1	4.3 ± 0.3	5.2 ± 0.5	H^a_2,208 = 106.59	< 0.001
		d . *Post* - *hoc analyses*
		Compared lineages
Variable		edwardsianus vs Central		edwardsianus vs Western		Central vs Western
Femoral pores (#)		t₁₇₀ = 9.13, P < 0.0001		t₁₄₅ = 5.09, P < 0.0001		t₁₀₁ = 6.82, P < 0.0001
Throat scales (#)		t₁₇₀ = 9.03, P < 0.0001		t₁₄₅ = 4.38, P = 0.0002		t₁₀₁ = 2.92, P = 0.038
Ocelli (#)		t₁₇₀ = 7.60, P < 0.0001		t₁₄₅ = 0.22, P = 0.830		t₁₀₁ = 6.29, P < 0.0001
SVL ratio		t₁₇₀ = 5.20, P < 0.0001		t₁₄₅ = 2.33, P = 0.105		t₁₀₁ = 1.89, P = 0.366
Snout shape		t₁₇₀ = 2.53, P = 0.024		t₁₄₅ = 3.28, P = 0.012		t₁₀₁ = 5.13, P < 0.0001
Anal scale width (mm)		t₁₇₀ = 1.60, P = 0.111		t₁₄₅ = 1.62, P = 0.429		t₁₀₁ = 2.76, P = 0.055
Body mass (g)		t₁₇₀ = 3.51, P = 0.002		t₁₄₅ = 2.46, P = 0.105		t₁₀₁ = 0.47, P = 1.000
Ventral scales (#)		t₁₇₀ = 3.63, P = 0.002		t₁₄₅ = 1.24, P = 0.537		t₁₀₁ = 1.68, P = 0.483
Head ratio		t₁₇₀ = 3.29, P = 0.004		t₁₄₅ = 3.01, P = 0.025		t₁₀₁ = 0.21, P = 1.000
SVL (mm)		t₁₇₀ = 5.76, P < 0.0001		t₁₄₅ = 2.43, P = 0.105		t₁₀₁ = 1.53, P = 0.520
Collar scales (#)		T^c_BF = 5.50, P < 0.0002		T^c_BF = 1.79, P = 0.537		T^b_BF = -2.44, P = 0.322
Nuptial coloration		T^c_BF = 16.3, P < 0.0003		T^c_BF = 9.18, P < 0.0001		T^b_BF = 1.82, P = 0.537

^aKruskal Wallis test; ^bBehrens Fisher test
a. Factor loadings of each linear function (LF) derived from discriminant function analyses. b. Means (± SE) per lineage of the measured traits used for the phenotypic analyses. c. Results of univariate ANOVAs. d. Post-hoc tests allow understanding what lineages differ in what traits. All P-values are adjusted for multiple testing using Bonferroni procedures.

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