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Table 6 Population structure of Blumeria graminis by geographic region, host origin and pathogenicity

From: Phylogeography and virulence structure of the powdery mildew population on its 'new' host triticale

Populations compareda

Snnb

HSTc

By geographic region

 Region A (36) vs. region B (14) vs. region C (10) vs. region D (6)

0.5468*

0.0469**

By host origin

 triticale (33) vs. wheat (33)

0.8654**

0.0397**

By year of collection within host origin wheat

 Region D 1980’s (6) vs. Region A-B-C 2009–2010

0.7283ns

−0.0025ns

By geographic region within host origin triticale

 region A (16) vs. region B (8) vs. region C (9)

0.5899**

0.1008**

 region A (16) vs. region B (8)

0.6597ns

0.0019ns

 region A (16) vs. region C (9)

0.7667*

0.1116*

 region B (8) vs. region C (9)

0.8677*

0.1428*

By pathogenicity

 Pathogenic (37) vs. non-pathogenic (29) on triticale

0.9811**

0.0565**

  1. Region A represents Belgium, region B France, region C Poland and region D Israel.
  2. aSample sizes are in parentheses.
  3. bSnn (the nearest neighbor statistic) measures how often the most similar sequence (or sequences) is from the same designated population. Snn has a high power with small population sizes.
  4. cHST is a measure of population subdivision that estimates FST among populations.
  5. P-values were estimated after 1000 permutations; nsP > 0.01; *P < 0.01; **P < 0.001.