Figure 4

The insertion of TE3 and TE8b into exon 3 and exon 8 affected the evolution of exon3 and exon 8. The divergences between human and chimpanzee, gorilla, orangutan, macaque, marmoset, tarsier, three shrew, guinea pig, cow, and elephant are 6.3, 8.8, 15.7, 29.0, 42.6, 65.2, 90.4, 92.3, 94.2, and 98.7 Mya (the species divergence times were acquired from http://www.timetree.org). The displayed are the pairwise sequence distances between human and these species at these time points along the time axis. These pairwise distances indicate that exon 3 and exon 8 became conserved in simians after the insertion of TE3 and TE8b. (A) Pairwise distances of the concatenated 12S and 16S mitochondrial rRNAs, exon 1, E3TE3, the left context of the TE3 insertion site, and exon 3. (B) Pairwise distances of the concatenated 12S and 16S mitochondrial rRNAs, exon 1, E8TE8a, and the ancient exon 8 (the 5′ end + E8TE8a). All distances were computed using the F84 model in PHYLIP.