Figure 1

Haplotype networks for partial mitochondrial COI/II genes sequences of historical specimens from Italy and Malta. (A) Network for contigs of all three fragments (B, H, L) of 143 specimens. (B) Network for fragment L of further 20 specimens which did not yield sequences for all three fragments. Included in each network are the 60 haplotypes of recent Mediterranean HEC samples from the data set of Hundsdoerfer et al.[31] (reduced to the three fragments used in the present study). Haplotypes without black border did not occur in Italy or Malta. Colour coding of recent samples follows coding of mitochondrial lineages in Hundsdoerfer et al.: Figure 3 [31]; historical samples are coloured grey. Black nodes represent one substitution each.