Figure 5

Strict consensus tree of the two equally parsimonious trees from the analysis of Matrix 3 (Fig. 4) showing character changes. Number and type of each change are indicated by e = endpoint, IV = inversion, IS = insertion >5 kb, T = transposition, and D = deletion/divergence. Three of the 84 characters (18, 31 and 37) exhibit homoplasy; each character is an endpoint that changes twice within the tree. Homoplastic changes are shown by the character number below the branch upon which the change occurs. To the right of the tree, brackets and letter/number designations indicate major clades discussed in the text. Symbols at the ends of the terminal branches indicate the geographic distribution of the taxa: □ = eastern Asia; ● = Europe (includes North Africa); ◆ = Americas (primarily North America); * = Southern Hemisphere (mainly Southern Africa).