Table 12 Summary of coiled-coil protein functions
Functional groups of coiled-coil proteins | Examples | Species represented |
|---|---|---|
Chromatin organization and maintenance, chromosome segregation and DNA repair | SMCs, Rad50, SbcC, MukB, MutS | all kingdoms |
Transcription and translation | Transcription and translation initiation factors, reverse transcriptase | all kingdoms |
Protein trafficking and quality control | Chaperonins, secretion proteins | prokaryotes and organelles |
Membrane sensors, channels and regulation of influx/export | MCPs, ion channels | prokaryotes |
Sensor mechanisms and signal transduction | Receptor kinases, GTPases | eukaryotes – conserved, as well as plant and animal specific |
Compartmentalization, stabilization and dynamics of membrane systems | Golgins, SNAREs, endocytic proteins | eukaryotes |
Adherence | Cell adherence, extracellular matrix, intracellular adapters | eukaryotes and parasitic prokaryotes |
Mechanical fiber and meshwork formation | Keratin, intermediate filaments, flagellar (e.g. sperm tail) proteins | eukaryotes, keratin only in mammals |
Motility | Muscle fibers, cell motility, actin and microtubule motors | eukaryotes |
Organization, stabilization and dynamics of the cytoskeleton | Actin and microtubule crosslinkers | eukaryotes, predominantly metazoa |
Mitotic spindle assembly and checkpoint control | Centrosome, kinetochore and spindle pole body proteins | metazoa and yeast |