Figure 7From: Genetics and geometry of canalization and developmental stability in Drosophila subobscuraVectors of the landmarks displacements First two axes of wing shape variation in the two-level nested MANOVA (karyotypes, crosses nested in karyotypes, and within crosses) for each causal component effect pertaining to the inter-individual variation in females from outbred crosses reared at 18°C. Also plotted are the percentages of total wing shape variation explained by the principal components for the corresponding covariance matrices.Back to article page