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Table 2 External measurements (mm) of Gyps indicus and G. tenuirostris presented as mean ± SD (n)

From: Systematics within Gyps vultures: a clade at risk

Variable

indicus

tenuirostris

Skull length***

129.18 ± 3.64 (14)

136.04 ± 4.36 (13)

Culmen l**

67.57 ± 2.84 (17)

69.76 ± 1.66 (17)

Bill w***

20.88 ± 0.84 (19)

19.82 ± 0.72 (21)

Bill d*

30.93 ± 1.49 (13)

29.64 ± 1.27 (16)

Maxilla d**

24.46 ± 1.37 (19)

23.34 ± 0.95 (19)

Nares l***

13.01 ± 1.64 (20)

9.89 ± 1.02 (21)

Gape w

34.17 ± 1.60 (20)

34.83 ± 2.18 (19)

Bill l from gape***

70.80 ± 3.72 (18)

75.47 ± 2.17 (18)

Mandibular symphysis l***

26.53 ± 1.55 (20)

29.39 ± 1.48 (20)

Tail l

240.75 ± 9.05 (20)

241.45 ± 10.19 (20)

Outer rectrix l*

231.47 ± 9.93 (19)

224.22 ± 8.98 (18)

Ulna l**

313.27 ± 10.58 (15)

326.33 ± 14.98 (18)

Alula l***

214.85 ± 7.01 (20)

227.90 ± 5.35 (20)

Wing l (flattened)

642.40 ± 15.73 (15)

637.73 ± 13.32 (15)

Tarsus l***

107.13 ± 4.11 (20)

114.88 ± 5.862 (19)

Tarsus proximal b*

25.19 ± 1.58 (20)

26.40 ± 1.74 (19)

Tarsus minimum b

14.10 ± 0.92 (17)

14.51 ± 1.00 (17)

Tarsus distal b**

26.38 ± 1.48 (19)

28.04 ± 1.76 (20)

Pes digit 1 l***

34.00 ± 1.26 (19)

37.75 ± 2.79 (20)

Pes digit 1 claw l

30.26 ± 1.58 (18)

30.05 ± 1.39 (20)

Pes digit 2 l***

47.01 ± 2.42 (19)

50.66 ± 3.47 (20)

Pes digit 2 claw l

30.40 ± 1.65 (19)

31.24 ± 1.68 (20)

Pes digit 3 l***

93.54 ± 3.84 (16)

103.22 ± 3.90 (19)

Pes digit 3 claw l***

27.99 ± 2.04 (16)

31.15 ± 1.84 (20)

Pes digit 3 claw w***

6.75 ± 0.38 (18)

6.32 ± 0.36 (20)

Pes digit 3 claw d***

7.26 ± 0.34 (18)

7.78 ± 0.40 (20)

Pes digit 4 l***

55.32 ± 2.58 (18)

61.38 ± 4.05 (18)

Pes digit 4 claw l*

23.95 ± 1.52 (18)

24.93 ± 1.30 (19)

  1. Sexes pooled. Significance levels: *, P ≤ 0.05; **, P ≤ 0.01; ***, P ≤ 0.001. L, length; w, width; d, depth; b, breadth.