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Table 1 Social structure, linguistic family and genetic diversity in the Hill Tribes

From: Genetic variation in Northern Thailand Hill Tribes: origins and relationships with social structure and linguistic differences

Social structure

Population

Language familya

mtDNA (n)

k

h

Ï€

Y-STRs (n)

k

h

Ï€

   

380 bp

   

15 loci

   

Matrilocal

White Karen

ST

31

8

0.735

6.09

19

16

0.983

6.91

 

Lahu

ST

25

20

0.980

7.73

15

15

1.000

9.25

Patrilocal

Akha

ST

26

16

0.920

6.34

14

7

0.868

4.40

 

Lisu

ST

20

11

0.920

6.94

11

7

0.891

6.18

 

Hmong

HM

14

9

0.934

7.42

7

7

1.000

6.52

 

Iu-Mien

HM

21

15

0.938

7.38

13

12

0.987

8.70

   

304 bp

   

6 loci

   

Matrilocal

Red Karenb

ST

39

11

0.831

3.88

30

14

0.931

3.57

 

White Karenc

ST

71

16

0.808

4.37

39

20

0.919

3.10

 

Lahuc

ST

64

26

0.918

6.01

32

25

0.972

3.89

Patrilocal

Akha

ST

26

16

0.920

5.55

14

4

0.571

1.38

 

Akhab

ST

91

24

0.932

5.12

21

5

0.352

0.55

 

Lisu

ST

20

11

0.916

6.36

11

7

0.891

2.78

 

Lisu CRb

ST

53

26

0.923

5.12

9

7

0.944

3.22

 

Lisu MHSb

ST

42

19

0.955

5.73

22

9

0.883

3.19

 

Hmong

HM

14

9

0.934

6.31

7

6

0.952

3.09

 

Iu-Mien

HM

21

15

0.938

5.97

13

12

0.987

3.85

  1. Samples description, number of individuals typed for mitochondrial and Y-chromosomal DNA, and standard indices of within-population genetic diversity. The first half of the table refers to the original data typed in this study. The second half of the table refers to the joint dataset (original + published data) used in most analyses.
  2. k: number of haplotypes; h: gene or haplotype diversity; π: mean number of pairwise differences aST = Sino-Tibetan, HM Hmong-Mien; b data only from Oota et al. [5]; c data from Oota et al. [5] and present work.