Assortative mating and fragmentation within dog breeds

Table 3 Genetic variation within poodle groups and other dog breeds.

Population	Sample size	Sample size/locus	F_IS	Unbiased H_E (SD)	H_O (SD)	Bootstrapped allelic richness
All poodles	164	164	0.133	0.641 ± 0.027	0.556 ± 0.008***	4.4
Standard poodle	41	41	-0.008	0.533 ± 0.032	0.538 ± 0.015	3.6
MS, M, T poodles¹	123	123	0.072	0.605 ± 0.029	0.562 ± 0.009***	4.1
MS brown-black²	28	28	-0.001	0.526 ± 0.039	0.527 ± 0.018	3.6
M, T brown-black³	50	50	-0.013	0.583 ± 0.031	0.591 ± 0.013	3.8
MS, M, T silver-white⁴	23	23	0.023	0.634 ± 0.024	0.620 ± 0.020	4.0
MS, M, T apricot⁵	22	22	0.107	0.536 ± 0.034	0.480 ± 0.021***	3.5
Miniature schnauzer	14	10.2	0.074	0.520 ± 0.036	0.483 ± 0.030*	(3.0)⁶
Giant schnauzer	17	13.7	0.122	0.568 ± 0.039	0.501 ± 0.026***	3.5
Fox terrier (smooth)	18	14.2	0.029	0.456 ± 0.042	0.443 ± 0.025	2.8
Fox terrier (wire)	18	15.0	0.100	0.419 ± 0.044	0.380 ± 0.024**	2.6
Bull terrier	18	15.3	0.090	0.314 ± 0.047	0.287 ± 0.022	1.9
German shepherd	16	11.0	0.135	0.447 ± 0.043	0.394 ± 0.028*	2.6
Labrador retriever	16	12.7	0.042	0.563 ± 0.036	0.543 ± 0.027*	3.3
Siberian husky	16	13.3	0.078	0.659 ± 0.035	0.611 ± 0.026***	4.1

Number of dogs tested, average sample size per locus, inbreeding coefficient (F_IS), expected and observed heterozygosity (H_E and H_O; SD, standard deviation), and allelic richness corrected for sample size (mean number of alleles per locus when 14 individuals – the sample size for miniature schnauzer; sampled with replacement). Significance refers to the difference between H_E and H_O, *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.
¹ Medium sized poodles, miniature poodles and toy poodles
² Medium sized poodles with brown or black coat-color
³ Miniature poodles and toy poodles with brown or black coat-color
⁴ Medium sized poodles, miniature poodles and toy poodles with silver (grey) or white coat-color
⁵ Medium sized poodles, miniature poodles and toy poodles with apricot coat-color
⁶ Without size correction

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