The emergence of leaders and followers in foraging pairs when the qualities of individuals differ

Table 1 Changes in behaviours, reserves, and other individual properties when parameters are increased in symmetric models. Trends in properties described come from visual inspection of result sets: '↑↑' denotes a strong tendency for the property to increase in response to a corresponding increase in the parameter investigated; '↑' denotes a noisier but visible increase; '↓↓' denotes a strong tendency for the property to decrease; '↓' denotes a noisier but visible decrease; '-' denotes that the value of the property investigated did not change in response to changes in the value of the parameter; and '×' denotes that changes in the value of the parameter led to unpredictable changes in the property measured.

Property	Changes in property in response to
	Increase in	Increase in		Increase in predation risk when
	Energetic gain	Foraging cost	Resting cost	Foraging alone	Foraging together	Resting
Likelihood player forages	↓↓	↑	↑↑	↓↓	↓	↑↑
Likelihood both players forage	↓↓	↑	↑↑	↓↓	↓	↑↑
Likelihood one player forages, the other rests	↓	×	-	-	-	-
Likelihood both players rest	↑↑	×	↓↓	↑↑	-	↓↓
Synchrony coefficient, D'	-	-	↑	↑	-	-
Mean energy reserves	↑↑	×	↓↓	↓↓	↓	↑↑
Length of time player repeats behaviour	↑↑	×	↓↓	×	×	↓
Immediate energy reserves difference within pair	↓↓	×	↑	×	×	↑
C	↓↓	-	↑↑	↑↑	↓	↓
S	↓↓	-	↑↑	↑↑	-	↓

ISSN: 2730-7182