Figure 1

Anatomical landmarks and biomechanical linkages of functional importance for damselfish feeding. A. Landmarks used in morphological and biomechanical analyses: 1 = Tip of the anterior-most tooth on the premaxilla; 2 = Tip of the anterior-most tooth on the dentary; 3 = Maxillary-palatine joint (upper rotation point of the maxilla); 4 = Insertion of the A1 division of the adductor mandibulae on the maxilla; 5 = Maxillary-articular joint (lower point of rotation of the maxilla); 6 = Insertion of the A2 division of the adductor mandibulae on the articular process; 7 = Insertion of the A3 division of the adductor mandibulae on the anterior, medial surface of the articular; 8 = Posterior tip of the ascending process of the premaxilla; 9 = Joint between the nasal bone and the neurocranium; 10 = The most anterio-ventral point of the eye socket; 11 = Articular-quadrate joint (lower jaw joint); 12 = Insertion of the interopercular ligament on the articular (point at which moth opening forces are applied); 13 = Most posterio-ventral point of the eye socket; 14 = Dorsal-most tip of the supraoccipital crest on the neurocranium; 15 = Most dorsal point on the origin of the A3 division of the adductor mandibulae on the preopercular; 16 = Most dorsal point on the origin of the A1 division of the adductor mandibulae on the preopercular; 17 = Most dorsal point on the origin of the A2 division of the adductor mandibulae on the preopercular; 18 = Posterio-ventral corner of the preopercular; 19 = Corner of the mouth. B. Levers and linkages in damselfish skulls, with schematics of the three divisions of the adductor mandibulae.