Phenotype and animal domestication: A study of dental variation between domestic, wild, captive, hybrid and insular Sus scrofa

Evin, Allowen; Dobney, Keith; Schafberg, Renate; Owen, Joseph; Vidarsdottir, Una Strand; Larson, Greger; Cucchi, Thomas

doi:10.1186/s12862-014-0269-x

Table 3 Pairwise comparisons of the different groups

From: Phenotype and animal domestication: A study of dental variation between domestic, wild, captive, hybrid and insular Sus scrofa

		M ²		M ³		M ₂		M ₃
		Statistic	p	Statistic	P	Statistic	p	Statistic	p
Captive vs WB	Size	W = 4219	0.03	W = 752	9 e-4	W = 3830	3 e-4	W = 377	0.12
	Shape	F ( 8 , 284 ) = 6.16	2e-7	F ( 4 , 125 ) = 3.18	0.02	F ( 13 , 264 ) = 2.52	3 e-3	F(2, 130) = 0.87	0.42
	Allometry	-	-	F(7, 120) = 0.93	0.49	F(13, 262) = 0.79	0.67	-	-
Captive vs DP	Size	W = 355	2e - 4	W = 186	0.18	W = 254	7 e - 4	W = 82	0.96
	Shape	F ( 12, 71 ) = 11.11	5 e-12	F ( 4 , 42 ) = 8.10	6 e - 5	F ( 12 , 60 ) = 3.99	2e-4	F(3, 42) = 0.56	0.64
	Allometry	F(12, 69) = 0.70	0.75	-	-	F(12, 58) = 1.73	0.08	-	-
Crosses vs WB	Size	W = 2106	1 e - 8	W = 592	8 e - 5	W = 1419	5 e - 11	W = 306	4 e - 8
	Shape	F ( 13 , 291 ) = 5.00	6 e-8	F ( 7 , 136 ) = 7.15	3 e - 7	F ( 10 , 282 ) = 12.16	< 2e-16	F ( 6 , 142 ) = 6.96	2e - 6
	Allometry	F(13, 289) = 0.98	0.47	F ( 7 , 134 ) = 2.53	0.02	F(10, 280) = 0.71	0.71	F(6, 140) = 1.03	0.41
Crosses vs DP	Size	W = 1425	0.01	W = 437	0.8	W = 1290	2e - 3	W = 476	0.41
	Shape	F ( 21 , 74 ) = 5.51	2e - 8	F ( 7 , 53 ) = 7.85	2e - 6	F ( 9, 78 ) = 10.81	1 e-10	F (4 , 57) = 8.63	2e - 5
	Allometry	F(21, 72) = 1.27	0.23	-	-	F(9, 76) = 0.95	0.49	-	-
Crosses vs captive	Size	W = 306	0.02	W = 106	0.09	W = 266	0.15	W = 42	0.91
	Shape	F (12 , 49) = 9.49	4 e - 9	F (4 , 23) = 19.85	3 e - 7	F (7 , 47) = 8.93	5 e - 7	F(4, 19) = 1.25	0.32
	Allometry	F(12, 47) = 1.32	0.24	-	-	-	-	-	-
C-S WB vs WB	Size	W = 21	2e - 12	W = 0	3 e - 10	W = 8	2e - 11	W = 0	9 e - 10
	Shape	F (8 , 277) = 2.33	0.02	F (8 , 129) = 3.75	5 e - 4	F (8 , 264) = 4.02	1 e - 4	F (12 , 130) = 8.54	9 e - 12
	Allometry	F(8, 275) = 1.06	0.39	F (8 , 127) = 2.68	9 e - 3	F(8, 262) = 0.37	0.94	F(12, 128) = 0.81	0.64
C-S WB vs DP	Size	W = 1024	3 e - 9	W = 600	2e - 13	W = 797	1 e - 7	W = 577	7 e - 11
	Shape	F (16 , 60) = 10.99	2e - 12	F (6 , 48) = 13.61	6 e - 9	F (9 , 59) = 2.64	0.01	F (5 , 50) = 11.03	3 e - 7
	Allometry	F(16, 58) = 0.93	0.55	6, 46) = 1.43	0.22	F(9, 57) = 1.01	0.44	F(5, 48) = 0.68	0.64
C-S WB vs captive	Size	W = 445	6 e - 11	W = 105	1 e - 5	W = 317	2e - 9	W = 56	7 e - 4
	Shape	F (11 , 31) = 10.57	1 e - 7	F (5 , 16) = 4.44	0.01	F (6 , 29) = 3.21	0.02	F(4, 13) = 1.00	0.44
	Allometry	F(11, 29) = 1.73	0.12	F(5, 14) = 2.49	0.08	F(6, 27) = 0.42	0.86	F(4, 11) = 0.33	0.85
C-S WB vs crosses	Size	W = 663	1 e - 13	W = 315	4 e - 10	W = 554	8 e - 12	W = 280	1 e - 9
	Shape	F (21 , 33) = 9.22	2e - 8	F (6 , 29) = 8.30	3 e - 5	F (9 , 41) = 5.61	5 e - 5	F (7 , 26) = 14.37	2e - 7
	Allometry	F(21, 31) = 1.51	0.14	F(6, 27) = 1.37	0.26	F(9, 39) = 0.49	0.87	F(7, 24) = 0.97	0.48

Pairwise comparisons of wild boar (WB), domestic pigs (DP), captive wilds, crosses and Corsican and Sardinian wilds (C-S WB). Differences are tested using Wilcoxon tests for size and MANOVA for shape and MANCOVA for allometry. The values of the statistics (W and F) are provided along with the degrees of freedom in brackets and the corresponding probability (p). Results in bold are significant after correcting for multi-test comparisons.

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