Figure 11
Transformation of the propodeum-metasomal articulation in basal Apocrita (including Evanioidea) . A, Acephialtitia colossa gen. et sp. nov. B, Kuafua polyneura Rasnitsyn, Zhang, 2010 (Kuafuidae). C, Schlettererius cinctipes (Cresson, 1880) (Stephanidae). D, Proapocritus sculptus Rasnitsyn & Zhang, 2010. E, Eosaulacus giganteus Zhang and Rasnitsyn, 2008 (Preaulacidae). F, Eosaulacus granulates Zhang and Rasnitsyn, 2008 (Preaulacidae). Red arrows indicate propodeum, encircled numbers denote main transformation pathways, as follows: ① – pathway towards Kuafuidae and further to main taxa of Apocrita; ② – pathway towards Stephanidae; ③ – pathway towards basal Evanioidea.