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Fig. 4 | BMC Evolutionary Biology

Fig. 4

From: Karyotype differentiation in 19 species of river loach fishes (Nemacheilidae, Teleostei): extensive variability associated with rDNA and heterochromatin distribution and its phylogenetic and ecological interpretation

Fig. 4

Karyotypes of N. ruppelli after different cytogenetic protocols. a conventional Giemsa staining, b dual-colour FISH with 45S rDNA (red, arrows) and 5S rDNA (green, arrowheads) probes, c C-banding and d FISH with telomeric (TTAGGG)n probe. For better contrast, pictures were pseudocoloured in green (telomeric probe) and red (DAPI). Inset (b) – chromosome pair 8 bearing CMA3 + sites coinciding with both 45S (arrow) and 5S rDNA (arrowhead) sites. For better contrast, pictures were pseudocoloured in red (CMA3 +) and green (DAPI). Note the prominent pericentromeric heterochromatin in metacentric chromosome pairs 1–6 (b) and an almost equivalent intensity of percentromeric ITSs (open arrowheads) in the same subset of chromosomes (d). Remaining ITSs (open arrowheads) are confined to a 45S rDNA region on chromosome pair 8 (compare pics. b and d) and to p-arms of st-a chromosomes. Finally, compare chromosome pair 8 on pics. b, c and d; entire q-arms bearing 45S rDNA/ITS are weakly C-positive after C-banding procedure. Bar = 10 μm

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BMC Ecology and Evolution

ISSN: 2730-7182

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