Frequent but asymmetric niche shifts in Bulbophyllum orchids support environmental and climatic instability in Madagascar over Quaternary time scales

Table 3 Tests for phylogenetic signal of Blomberg’s K for the centroid values of principal environmental components (PC1, PC2) per cluster (A, B, C), and the median values of contributing variables (altitude, bioclim 1–19) per species, over 100 Bayesian trees of Bulbophyllum clade C (derived from [59])

Variable	Median K	Median P	% of trees not rejecting H₀ (P > 0.05)^a
PC1	0.443	0.030	16
PC2	0.328	0.295	100
Altitude	0.354	0.297	99
Bio1 = Annual Mean Temperature	0.366	0.145	93
Bio2 = Mean Diurnal Range	0.399	0.098	93
Bio3 = Isothermality	0.395	0.101	93
Bio4 = Temperature Seasonality	0.319	0.340	100
Bio5 = Max Temperature of Warmest Month	0.383	0.121	87
Bio6 = Min Temperature of Coldest Month	0.355	0.218	96
Bio7 = Temperature Annual Range	0.371	0.120	87
Bio8 = Mean Temperature of Wettest Quarter	0.366	0.220	99
Bio9 = Mean Temperature of Driest Quarter	0.353	0.230	98
Bio10 = Mean Temperature of Warmest Quarter	0.377	0.170	97
Bio11 = Mean Temperature of Coldest Quarter	0.363	0.154	92
Bio12 = Annual Precipitation	0.420	0.198	100
Bio13 = Precipitation of Wettest Month	0.343	0.231	100
Bio14 = Precipitation of Driest Month	0.331	0.370	100
Bio15 = Precipitation Seasonality	0.331	0.319	100
Bio16 = Precipitation of Wettest Quarter	0.364	0.236	99
Bio17 = Precipitation of Driest Quarter	0.335	0.372	100
Bio18 = Precipitation of Warmest Quarter	0.277	0.749	100
Bio19 = Precipitation of Coldest Quarter	0.338	0.305	100

^aPercentages of trees not rejecting the null hypothesis of random signal for given variable

ISSN: 2730-7182