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Table 1 Tests of molecular variance (AMOVA) for the four species and both genetic markers. The seven regions are Afrotropics, Afrotropical islands (Indian Ocean), Neotropics, Neotropical islands (Pacific Ocean), Indo-Malaysia, Australasia, Australasia small islands (Pacific Ocean). In the four regions the oceanic regions were merged with their continental counterparts

From: Globally distributed Xyleborus species reveal recurrent intercontinental dispersal in a landscape of ancient worldwide distributions

  

Seven regions

 

Four regions

 
 

Source of variation

df

Sum of squares

Variance components

% variation

Fixation indices

 

df

Sum of squares

Variance components

% variation

Fixation indices

 

X. affinis:

 

Among regions

5

446.7

8.5

59.6

ФCT : 0.59

**

3

280.3

4.7

34.0

ФCT : 0.34

*

COI

Among populations within regions

9

92.9

1.6

11.5

ФSC : 0.28

***

11

259.3

5.1

36.5

ФSC : 0.55

**

 

Within populations

46

189.9

4.1

29.0

ФST : 0.71

***

46

189.9

4,1

29.5

ФST : 0.71

**

 

Among regions

5

12.5

0.5

59.4

ФCT : 0.59

*

3

6.8

0.1

17.5

ФCT : 0.18

***

EF1α

Among populations within regions

5

2.5

0.1

14.0

ФSC : 0.34

*

7

8.2

0.4

54.1

ФSC : 0.66

**

 

Within populations

19

4.0

0.2

26.6

ФST : 0.73

***

19

4.0

0.2

28.5

ФST : 0.71

*

X. ferrugineus:

 

Among regions

4

513.6

11.8

45.8

ФCT : 0.45

***

2

178.2

2.5

10.0

ФCT : 0.10

 

COI

Among populations within regions

7

138.3

2.4

9.1

ФSC : 0.17

 

9

473.7

10.6

42.9

ФSC : 0.48

***

 

Within populations

38

442.1

11.6

45.1

ФST : 0.55

***

38

442.1

11.6

47.2

ФST : 0.53

***

 

Among regions

5

20.7

−1.0

−33.3

ФCT :−0.33

 

3

15.1

0.0

−1.5

ФCT :−0.01

 

EF1α

Among populations within regions

3

12.2

2.2

77.0

ФSC : 0.58

 

5

17.7

1.3

45.8

ФSC : 0.45

 
 

Within populations

10

16.1

1.6

56.2

ФST : 0.44

*

10

16.1

1.6

55.7

ФST : 0.44

 

X. perforans:

 

Among regions

6

182.5

1.3

9.3

ФCT : 0.09

 

3

88.6

−0.2

−1.5

ФCT :−0.01

 

COI

Among populations within regions

7

128.5

6.3

44.3

ФSC : 0.49

 

10

222.4

7.7

54.6

ФSC : 0.54

***

 

Within populations

20

132.6

6.6

46.4

ФST : 0.54

***

20

132.6

6.6

46.9

ФST : 0.53

***

 

Among regions

5

6.4

−1.5

−98.0

ФCT :−0.98

 

3

4.1

−0.2

−12.9

ФCT :−0.12

 

EF1α

Among populations within regions

1

3.0

1.5

99.0

ФSC : 0.50

 

3

5.3

0.2

14.9

ФSC : 0.13

 
 

Within populations

2

3.0

1.5

99.0

ФST : 0.01

 

2

3.0

1.5

98.1

ФST : 0.02

 

X. volvulus:

 

Among regions

4

100.1

2.6

20.5

ФCT : 0.21

 

3

58.7

0.1

0.4

ФCT : 0.01

**

COI

Among populations within regions

5

71.8

2.5

19.2

ФSC : 0.24

**

6

113.3

4.3

35.5

ФSC : 0.36

 
 

Within populations

19

146.6

7.7

60.2

ФST : 0.40

*

19

146.6

7.7

64.1

ФST : 0.36

*

 

Among regions

      

3

2.9

0.1

24.3

ФCT : 0.24

 

EF1α

Among populations within regions

  

–

  

2

2.0

0.4

59.7

ФSC : 0.79

*

 

Within populations

      

7

0.7

0.1

16.1

ФST : 0.84

***

  1. Fixation indices: among regions, φCT; among populations within regions, φSC; within populations, φST
  2. P-values for % variation and corresponding fixation indices: *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001
  3. The test for seven regions for X. volvulus and EF1α was not possible since the oceanic regions were not represented in the data
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BMC Ecology and Evolution

ISSN: 2730-7182

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