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Fig. 5 | BMC Evolutionary Biology

Fig. 5

From: Diversification into novel habitats in the Africa clade of Dioscorea (Dioscoreaceae): erect habit and elephant’s foot tubers

Fig. 5

Capsular fruit forms with diagrammatic representations of seed wing shape, position and orientation within each capsule lobes in the Africa clade of Dioscorea. a Apical view of dehisced, empty capsule with rounded lobes (A1), diagrammatic cross-section of capsule through seeds and wings (A2) and diagrammatic side view of two opened lobes containing seeds winged all around the margin (A3): D. buchananii subclade. b Same views of similar capsule (B1) containing wingless, arillate seeds (B2, B3): East Africa subclade; c Side view of two opened oblong capsular lobes without seeds (C1) and diagrammatic side view of basally winged seeds (C2) associated with this capsule lobe shape: Cape subclade; d Same views of similar capsule lobes containing apically winged seeds (D1, D2); Pachycaul subclade

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