The common redstart as a suitable model to study cuckoo-host coevolution in a unique ecological context

Table 5 Review of redstart responses to foreign eggs

Model	Locality	Number	Ejected (%)	Deserted (%)	Parasitism rate	Reference
Natural cuckoo eggs
Non-manipulated	Finland NW	46	0	13	31	[24]
Non-manipulated	Finland E	54	0	13	21	[16]
Non-manipulated	Finland C	187	0	4	44	[48]
Non-manipulated	Czech Republic	62	0	6	31	[20]
Non-manipulated	Finland SE	43	0	19	33	this study
Cross-fostered	Finland NW	16	0	0	31	[24]
Cross-fostered	Finland SE	73	0	1	30	this study^a
Conspecific eggs	Finland SE	14	0	0	30	this study
Mimetic models
Redstart-cuckoo type	Finland NW	16	0	0	31	[24]
Redstart-cuckoo type	Finland NC	9	11	33	0	[25]
Redstart-cuckoo type	Finland E	26	4	4	21	[16]
Redstart-cuckoo type	Finland E	29	3	3	17	[25]
Redstart-cuckoo type	Great Britain	1	0	0	0	[5]
Cowbird blue	Finland SE	12	17	17	30	[32]
Non-mimetic models
Brambling-cuckoo	Finland NW	41	5	7	31	[24]
Brambling-cuckoo	Finland NC	14	14	36	0	[25]
Brambling-cuckoo	Finland E	27	41	4	21	[16]
Brambling-cuckoo	Finland E	37	32	5	17	[25]
Meadow pipit-cuckoo	Norway C	5	0	20	0	[6]
Meadow pipit-cuckoo	Great Britain	4	0	0	0	[5]
Pied wagtail-cuckoo	Great Britain	4	50	0	0	[5]
Cowbird spotted	Finland SE	13	46	8	30	[32]
Cowbird immaculate	Finland SE	7	29	0	30	[32]
Non-mimetic natural eggs
Black complete	Finland SE	22	45	9	30	[34]
Black spots	Finland SE	17	0	6	30	[34]
Blue complete	Czech Republic	25	76	0	0	this study^b
Great tit	Finland SW	7	57	0	0	[50]
Various species	Finland SW	6	0	0	0	[42]^c
Various species	Finland N	35	31	0	0	[43]^d

See original studies for detailed information on the size, colour and maculation of experimental eggs
^aSample sizes differ from Table 3 because desertion was not a specific response to parasitism in this treatment (Table 3, Results); therefore we excluded the deserted nests
^bSee Methods
^cAuthor used natural eggs of the chaffinch, redwing, great tit and wryneck; experimental eggs introduced around hatching time
^dAuthor used natural eggs of the brambling, meadow pipit and redpoll; acceptance period was set to 24 h, then the experimental egg was removed

ISSN: 2730-7182