The optimality of the standard genetic code assessed by an eight-objective evolutionary algorithm

Table 6 The absolute differences between the average values of a given index and the individual values of this index for each amino acid

Amino acid	Amino acid index								Average	Number of codons
Amino acid	BLAM	BIOV	MAXF	TSAJ	NAKH	CEDJ	LIFS	MYIS	Average	Number of codons
Ala	0.516	0.043	0.243	0.239	0.262	0.337	0.062	0.067	0.221	2
Arg	0.318	0.498	0.093	0.207	0.284	0.012	0.057	0.400	0.234	1
Asn	0.078	0.519	0.230	0.093	0.162	0.116	0.239	0.582	0.252	3
Asp	0.047	0.540	0.062	0.128	0.244	0.058	0.305	0.764	0.269	5
Cys	0.047	0.762	0.050	0.181	0.147	0.360	0.070	0.964	0.323	1
Gln	0.349	0.513	0.117	0.015	0.232	0.070	0.046	0.612	0.244	1
Glu	0.068	0.688	0.387	0.020	0.244	0.244	0.233	0.885	0.346	1
Gly	0.484	0.196	0.338	0.352	0.070	0.244	0.233	0.461	0.297	4
His	0.109	0.137	0.026	0.062	0.272	0.337	0.057	0.067	0.133	2
Ile	0.391	0.672	0.010	0.087	0.525	0.023	0.430	0.842	0.372	1
Leu	0.474	0.640	0.201	0.087	0.700	0.419	0.148	0.933	0.450	1
Lys	0.276	0.873	0.147	0.096	0.266	0.198	0.184	1.188	0.403	1
Met	0.411	0.529	0.303	0.099	0.064	0.302	0.087	0.721	0.315	1
Phe	0.130	0.873	0.099	0.209	0.360	0.128	0.120	0.964	0.360	1
Pro	3.089	0.233	0.320	0.096	0.183	0.035	0.349	0.764	0.634	1
Ser	0.068	0.498	0.194	0.217	0.035	0.186	0.117	0.552	0.233	16
Thr	0.078	0.328	0.146	0.105	0.019	0.035	0.048	0.279	0.130	16
Trp	0.120	0.640	0.008	0.367	0.168	0.442	0.280	0.812	0.355	1
Tyr	0.266	0.153	0.200	0.226	0.112	0.221	0.275	0.691	0.268	1
Val	0.172	0.524	0.026	0.023	0.445	0.209	0.424	0.691	0.314	1

Since the indices were in different scales, they were at first normalized by their maximum values. The column next to the last contains the average calculated from the values in a row. The last column contains the number of codons for the given amino acid in the best code that was found under the US model and has the values of all eight objective functions smaller than the SGC

ISSN: 2730-7182