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Table 1 Sampling sites and genetic diversity indices based on genome-wide gene-associated microsatellites of Ciona robusta

From: Rapid microevolution during recent range expansion to harsh environments

Site code

Region, Country, Ocean

Latitude

Longitude

AveT

MaxT

MinT

AveS

MaxS

MinS

N

A R

Ho

H E

F IS

RS

Eilat, Israel, the Red Sea

29°33′11″N

34°57′35″E

24.97

28.67

22.04

40.34

41.35

39.72

22

2.524

0.349

0.427

0.186

AM

Arenys de Mar, Spain, the Mediterranean

41°33′41″N

2°34′37″E

17.98

25.28

13.29

37.67

38.21

36.87

48

2.853

0.307

0.416

0.264

BL

Blanes, Spain, the Mediterranean

41°41′12″N

2°53′22″E

17.44

24.38

12.98

37.95

38.32

37.48

22

2.624

0.307

0.442

0.311

SA

Cape Town, South Africa, the Atlantic

33°54′33″S

18°25′59″E

16.03

16.92

15.16

35.18

35.3

34.99

33

2.930

0.325

0.435

0.256

NMF

Nelson, New Zealand, the Pacific

41°15′29″S

173°16′42″E

13.55

16.37

11.22

34.78

34.92

34.62

17

3.937

0.399

0.562

0.296

GAP

Gampo, Korea, the Pacific

35°48′26″N

129°30′13″E

17.72

24.31

12.18

33.72

34.48

32.17

30

3.789

0.389

0.528

0.266

  1. A total of six populations, including the population collected from the Red Sea in this study and other five populations from our previous study [44]. AveT, annual average water temperature; MaxT, the highest monthly average water temperature; MinT, the lowest monthly average water temperature; AveS, annual average water salinity; MaxS, the highest monthly average water salinity; MinS, the lowest monthly average water salinity; N, number of individuals; AR, mean allelic richness; HO, mean observed heterozygosity; HE, mean expected heterozygosity; FIS, mean inbreeding coefficient