Genetic diversity, connectivity and gene flow along the distribution of the emblematic Atlanto-Mediterranean sponge Petrosia ficiformis (Haplosclerida, Demospongiae)

Table 3 Results of the AMOVA performed using three different groupings for the investigated populations of Petrosia ficiformis: A. Atlantic (SMI, FLO, CAN, and MAD) vs. Mediterranean (CAR, CART, BLA, ULL, FEL, ESC, MRS, NIZ, LIG, NAP, SLO, SCRO, JECRO, CRE, and ISR); B. Atlantic (SMI, FLO, CAN, and MAD) vs. Western Mediterranean (CAR, CART, BLA, ULL, FEL, ESC, MRS, NIZ, LIG, and NAP) vs. Eastern Mediterranean (SLO, SCRO, JECRO, CRE, and ISR); and C. Atlantic (SMI and FLO) vs Macaronesia (CAN and MAD) vs. Western Mediterranean (CAR, CART, BLA, ULL, FEL, ESC, MRS, NIZ, LIG, and NAP) vs. Eastern Mediterranean (SLO, SCRO, JECRO, CRE, and ISR). Atlantic See Table 1 for full name of locations. Significant p-values appear in bold letters

A. Atlantic vs. Mediterranean
Source of Variation	%var	F-value	Std.Dev.	c.i.2.5%	c.i.97.5%	p-value
Within Individuals	0.730	0.270	0.068	0.134	0.385	–
Among Individual	0.030	0.039	0.081	−0.122	0.180	0.003
Among Populations	0.194	0.204	0.017	0.169	0.233	0.001
Among Groups	0.046	0.046	0.011	0.026	0.069	0.006
B. Atlantic vs. Western Mediterranean vs. Eastern Mediterranean
Source of Variation	%var	F-value	Std.Dev.	c.i.2.5%	c.i.97.5%	p-value
Within Individuals	0.722	0.278	0.069	0.144	0.393	–
Among Individuals	0.033	0.043	0.082	−0.112	0.183	0.001
Among Populations	0.152	0.167	0.014	0.140	0.192	0.001
Among Groups	0.094	0.094	0.025	0.052	0.145	0.001
C. Azores vs. Macaronesia vs. Western Mediterranean vs. Eastern Mediterranean
Source of Variation	%var	F-value	Std.Dev.	c.i.2.5%	c.i.97.5%	p-value
Within Individuals	0.714	0.286	0.069	0.145	0.402	–
Among Individuals	0.030	0.040	0.081	−0.119	0.183	0.001
Among Populations	0.124	0.143	0.012	0.119	0.165	0.001
Among Groups	0.132	0.132	0.019	0.100	0.171	0.001

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