Effects of adult temperature on gene expression in a butterfly: identifying pathways associated with thermal acclimation

Table 1 ANOVA results for variation in life history and physiological traits in Bicyclus anynana

Trait	Source	MS	DF	F	P
Adult mass	Temperature	< 0.001	1	0.6	0.439
	Food	< 0.001	1	2.1	0.144
	Sex	0.166	1	389.4	< 0.001
	Temp. * Sex	0.002	1	4.2	0.040
	Family (Random)	0.001	9	1.6	0.104
	Error	< 0.001	431
Thorax mass	Temperature	< 0.001	1	6.4	0.012
	Food	< 0.001	1	0.4	0.536
	Sex	0.002	1	420.3	< 0.001
	Family (Random)	< 0.001	9	10.9	< 0.001
	Error	< 0.001	432
Abdomen mass	Temperature	0.001	1	6.9	0.009
	Food	< 0.001	1	1.8	0.177
	Sex	0.125	1	820.6	< 0.001
	Temp. * Sex	0.002	1	11.0	0.001
	Family (Random)	< 0.001	9	1.9	0.046
	Error	< 0.001	335
Thorax /Abdomen	Temperature	0.30	1	6.7	0.010
	Food	0.21	1	4.7	0.031
	Sex	40.27	1	894.8	< 0.001
	Family (Random)	0.05	9	1.2	0.309
	Error	0.05	336
Fat content	Temperature	1201	1	21.6	< 0.001
	Food	203	1	3.7	0.057
	Sex	22,346	1	402.3	< 0.001
	Temp. * Sex	1267	1	22.8	< 0.001
	Family (Random)	193	9	3.5	< 0.001
	Error	56	329
Lysozyme	Temperature	0.17	1	10.1	0.002
	Food	0.20	1	11.9	0.001
	Sex	1.27	1	77.6	< 0.001
	Family (Random)	0.03	9	1.7	0.082
	Error	0.02	417
ADH	Temperature	0.0002	1	2.6	0.106
	Food	< 0.0001	1	< 0.1	0.885
	Sex	0.0011	1	18.5	< 0.001
	Family (Random)	0.0002	9	2.8	0.004
	Error	0.0001	432
Protein	Temperature	0.0005	1	0.7	0.411
	Food	< 0.0001	1	0.1	0.823
	Sex	0.0001	1	0.2	0.687
	Family (Random)	0.0005	9	0.7	0.723
	Error	0.0007	423

Shown are the effects of adult temperature, adult feeding treatment, sex (fixed factors), and family (random factor). Minimum adequate models were constructed by sequentially removing non-significant interaction terms. Significant P-values are given in bold

ISSN: 2730-7182