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Fig. 5 | BMC Evolutionary Biology

Fig. 5

From: Specificity of resistance and geographic patterns of virulence in a vertebrate host-parasite system

Fig. 5

Infection with Pacific S. solidus drives significantly different multivariate gene expression patterns. Multivariate patterns in gene expression were visualized by non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) on Euclidian distances and two dimensions using function metaMDS() from vegan [74]. Polygons were plotted using ggplot2 [75]. NMDS were based on log10-transformed calibrated normalized relative quantities (CNRQ values) of twelve genes of innate immunity (marco, mst1ra, mif, il-1β, tnfr1, saal1, tlr2, csf3r, p22phox, nkef-b, sla1, cd97), nine genes of adaptive immunity (stat4, stat6, igm, cd83, foxp3, tgf-β, il-16, mhcII, tcr-β), or three genes of the complement system (cfb, c7, c9). Upper panel: data from DE hosts infected with seven different S. solidus strains from the four clustered localities (contrast 2); lower panel: data from NO hosts infected with nine different S. solidus strains from the four clustered localities (contrast 3). Color coding follows Fig. 1

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