| Â | Baltic | European Inland | Pacific | Atlantic | Â |
|---|
Analysis | Host | OBB | GOT | NST | SP | IBB | ECH | NU | ISC | SKO | control |
|---|
contrast 1
| DE (A) | na | na | (a) | 2 | na | (a) | 5 | na | na | (a) | 2 | (d) | 4 | 20 |
DE (B) | na | na | (b) | 10 | na | (b) | 3 | na | na | (b) | 5 | (a) | 7 | 18 |
DE (C) | na | na | (c) | 8 | na | (c) | 10 | na | na | (c) | 5 | (c) | 3 | 20 |
NO (A) | na | na | (a) | 2 | na | (a) | 3 | na | na | (a) | 1 | (d) | 4 | 20 |
NO (B) | na | na | (b) | 4 | na | (b) | 2 | na | na | (b) | 6 | (a) | 8 | 20 |
NO (C) | na | na | (c) | 2 | na | (c) | 2 | na | na | (c) | 5 | (c) | 2 | 20 |
contrast 2
| DE (D) | (a) | 4 | (a) | 5 | (a) | 4 | (a) | 1 | na | (a) | 3 | (a) | 1 | na | (a) | 7 | 20 |
DE (E) | (b) | 2 | (b) | 0 | (b) | 3 | (b) | 0 | na | (b) | 2 | (b) | 3 | na | (b) | 0 | 20 |
DE (F) | (c) | 4 | (c) | 3 | (c) | 9 | (c) | 7 | na | (c) | 2 | (c) | 6 | na | (c) | 5 | 20 |
contrast 3
| NO (A) | (a) | 1 | (d) | 1 | (a) | 2 | (a) | 2 | (a) | 3 | (a) | 1 | (b) | 5 | (a) | 1 | (d) | 4 | 20 |
NO (B) | (b) | 10 | (b) | 4 | (b) | 4 | (d) | 5 | (b) | 2 | (c) | 4 | (d) | 7 | (b) | 6 | (a) | 8 | 20 |
NO (C) | (c) | 1 | (a) | 2 | (c) | 2 | (b) | 2 | (c) | 2 | (b) | 0 | (c) | 6 | (c) | 5 | (c) | 2 | 20 |
- Naïve laboratory bred first generation offspring from three-spined sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculeatus from lake Großer Plöner See, Germany (DE), and Lake Skogseidvatnet, Norway (NO), were infected with Schistocephalus solidus parasites from different geographic locations or sham-exposed as controls. The top row indicates S. solidus geographic cluster; abbreviations in the second row refer to S. solidus sampling sites (OBB: Obbola, Sweden; GOT: Gotland, Sweden; NST: Neustädter Binnenwasser, Germany; SP: Xinzo de Limia, Spain; IBB: Ibbenbürener Aa, Germany; ECH: Vancouver Island, Canada; NU: North Uist, Scotland; ISC: Lake Myvatn, Iceland; SKO: Lake Skogseidvatnet, Norway; control: sham-exposed control). Capital letters indicate fish families (offspring of one pair of sticklebacks), lower case letters indicate worm sibships (offspring of one pair of worms). Per treatment, i.e. fish family x worm sibship combination, 100 copepods and subsequently 20 fish were exposed to single infective S. solidus larvae or sham-exposed; combinations with ‘na’ were not included in the respective analysis. Numbers in columns of S. solidus exposed fish indicate the number of infected individuals. We used contrast 1 to test for host, parasite and interaction effects; contrast 2 and contrast 3 were used to test parasite effects on a broader geographic scale. NO data in contrast 1 is a data subset of contrast 3. We accounted for multiple testing
