Fig. 4

Analysis of the chromosome characters. a Ideogram of the putative ancestral karyotype of Phyllostomidae. b Maximum parsimony tree obtained by the software PAUP. Boxes below show the ideogram of the Phyllostomus hastatus karyotype ​​from which the PHA whole chromosome probes were made and the ideogram of Macrotus californicus karyotype with the mapping of PHA whole chromosome probes. Abbreviations of species names are described in Table 1. Symbols: “p” = short arm; “q” = long arm; “/” = Syntenic groups physically linked; “Inv” = inversion; Bold numbers (over the branches) are the bootstrap values for 1000 replicates