Phylogeographic and evolutionary history analyses of the warty crab Eriphia verrucosa (Decapoda, Brachyura, Eriphiidae) unveil genetic imprints of a late Pleistocene vicariant event across the Gibraltar Strait, erased by postglacial expansion and admixture among refugial lineages

Deli, Temim; Kiel, Christina; Schubart, Christoph D.

doi:10.1186/s12862-019-1423-2

Table 2 Genetic diversity and historical demographic results for examined specimens of Eriphia verrucosa. Values reported for each population, each region (and sub-region), as well as for the total dataset are: Sample size (N), number of haplotypes (Nh), number of polymorphic sites (Nps), haplotype diversity (h), nucleotide diversity (π), mean number of nucleotide differences (K), Tajima’s D test (D), Fu’s F_S test (F_S), Ramos-Onsins and Rozas’s R₂ test (R₂), and mismatch distribution raggedness index (rg)

From: Phylogeographic and evolutionary history analyses of the warty crab Eriphia verrucosa (Decapoda, Brachyura, Eriphiidae) unveil genetic imprints of a late Pleistocene vicariant event across the Gibraltar Strait, erased by postglacial expansion and admixture among refugial lineages

	N	Nh	Nps	h	π	K	D	F _S	R ₂	rg
Population/Region/Sub-region
Azores	18	10	10	0.901 ± 0.050	0.0043 ± 0.0006	1.986	-1.140	-5.133	0.087	0.085
Canary Islands	17	4	5	0.566 ± 0.123	0.0027 ± 0.0008	1.264	-0.467	0.349	0.124	0.175
Sesimbra	7	3	4	0.666 ± 0.160	0.0044 ± 0.0010	2.000	1.075	1.320	0.231	0.283
Atlantic Ocean	42	13	12	0.808 ± 0.052	0.0039 ± 0.0005	1.786	-1.097	-6.147	0.069	0.041
Alboran Sea	3	1	0	0.000 ± 0.000	0.0000 ± 0.0000	0.000	0.000	0.000	N.D	0.000
Alicante	10	5	7	0.822 ± 0.097	0.0044 ± 0.0010	2.022	-0.774	-0.577	0.136	0.060
Valencia	8	3	4	0.464 ± 0.200	0.0022 ± 0.0012	1.000	-1.534	0.204	0.250	0.228
Tarragona	11	4	5	0.709 ± 0.099	0.0044 ± 0.0006	2.000	0.657	0.768	0.180	0.236
Tyrrhenian Sea	10	7	8	0.911 ± 0.077	0.0044 ± 0.0010	2.022	-1.229	-3.237	0.112	0.107
Northern Tunisia	3	2	1	0.666 ± 0.314	0.0014 ± 0.0006	0.666	0.000	0.200	0.471	0.555
western Mediterranean	45	12	14	0.711 ± 0.065	0.0037 ± 0.0005	1.688	-1.459	-5.038	0.058	0.069
Eastern Tunisia	12	5	6	0.742 ± 0.116	0.0034 ± 0.0009	1.545	-0.847	-0.831	0.118	0.123
Tripoli	7	3	2	0.523 ± 0.209	0.0012 ± 0.0005	0.571	-1.237	-0.921	0.225	0.185
Istra	16	6	6	0.683 ± 0.120	0.0028 ± 0.0007	1.275	-1.009	-1.943	0.101	0.098
Ionian Sea	8	5	5	0.785 ± 0.151	0.0031 ± 0.0010	1.428	-1.175	-1.916	0.147	0.137
Aegean-Black seas	11	7	6	0.909 ± 0.066	0.0040 ± 0.0008	1.854	-0.374	-3.120	0.131	0.100
Levantine Sea	14	5	6	0.505 ± 0.158	0.0021 ± 0.0008	0.978	-1.728	-1.690	0.104	0.296
eastern Mediterranean	68	18	18	0.697 ± 0.062	0.0029 ± 0.0004	1.336	-1.935	-14.273	0.036	0.035
Mediterranean Sea	113	24	25	0.702 ± 0.046	0.0032 ± 0.0003	1.483	-2.014	-20.266	0.029	0.037
Total	155	30	29	0.733 ± 0.036	0.0034 ± 0.0002	1.575	-2.008	-27.328	0.026	0.034

Significant values in bold. Non significant values for the raggedness index (rg) accepting the null hypothesis of expectation under a sudden demographic expansion model. N.D: Given the lack of polymorphism in the Alboran Sea, the R₂ index cannot be computed. Azores (west and south coasts of São Miguel, and east coast of Flores), Canary Islands (Gran Canaria and Fuerteventura), Sesimbra (Sesimbra and Cadiz), Alboran Sea (Nador and Granada), Alicante (Moraira, including El Portet), Valencia (Valencia, Ibiza, and Mallorca), Tarragona, Tyrrhenian Sea (Corsica, Elba, and Procida), Northern Tunisia (Tabarka, La Goulette, and Kelibia), Eastern Tunisia (Chott Meriem, Chebba, and Sfax), Tripoli, Istra, Ionian Sea (Torre Melissa and Igoumenitsa), Aegean-Black seas (Crete, Çesme, Sile, and Varna), and Levantine Sea (Beldibi, West Girne, and Sdot Yam)

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