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Table 7 PERMANOVA analysis testing morphological differences between the three detected groups of Excirolana hirsuticauda in the PCA analysis (see Additional file 13)

From: Genetic and morphological divergence at a biogeographic break in the beach-dwelling brooder Excirolana hirsuticauda Menzies (Crustacea, Peracarida)

Model

Source

DF

SS

MS

Pseudo-F

P-value

Total Model

Groups

2

35.696

17.848

39.872

0.0001*

Residual

87

38.943

0.045

  

Total

89

74.639

   

Pairwise Comparisons

Groups

   

t

P-value

N, C

   

68.829

0.0001*

N, S

   

7.373

0.0001*

C, S

   

22.552

0.0023*

  1. Total PERMANOVA model including the three groups (North, Center, and South groups) and pairwise comparisons between groups. Table include degrees of freedom (DF), sum of squares (SS), mean of squares (MS), Pseudo-F ratio and p-values. P-values were calculated with 9999 permutations of the residual model [48]. * significant values