Fig. 4

The effect of the choice of substitution models on divergence time estimation. a The scatter plot of the time estimates from the JC model versus the HKY model (left panel), and the K80 model versus the HKY model. The straight line is the 1:1 line. b The scatter plot of standardized time estimates. The Bayesian estimates of divergence times for the JC and K80 models are standardized by subtracting the Bayesian estimates for the HKY model and then divided by the half length of the 95% posterior interval for the HKY model. The points outside the two dashed lines indicate that the corresponding time estimates from the JC model (left panel) or from the K80 model (the right panel) are significantly different from the time estimates from the HKY model