Fig. 2

Mating frequencies and reproductive output. a Mating frequencies in repeated (green lines) and polygamous matings (blue lines: males, red lines: females). b Consecutive matings of males in repeated matings (green line) and polygamous matings (blue line). c Fertility (blue dashed line, ± SE) and fecundity (blue line, ± SE) of females related to the number of previous matings in their male partners in polygamous matings (treatment 3). Fecundity of females that mated with twice-mated males beforehand was significantly lower than females that mated with virgin males (P = 0.0199), females that mated with once-mated males beforehand (P = 0.0256), and females that mated with four times mated males beforehand (P = 0.0326)