Fig. 2
From: What makes a fang? Phylogenetic and ecological controls on tooth evolution in rear-fanged snakes
a Visualization of dental phenotypes across 145 snake species examined in this study, with Pyron et al. (2013) phylogeny for reference. Maxillary and dental traits are presented at the tips of the tree using the same schematic as in Fig. 1d. Each schematic represents a composite of the maxillary bones from one or more specimens. Note disparity in dental traits in non-front fanged lineages Colubridae and Lamprophiidae, compared to Viperidae, Elapidae. b - d Relationships between continuous maxillary traits for colubrid snakes only. Maxillary length and tooth length are given as residuals from linear regression of the corresponding trait against cranium length. b Positive relationship between maxillary length and number of maxillary teeth. c. Negative relationship between maxillary length and relative posterior tooth length (RPTL), a colubrid-specific measure of fang length. d Negative relationship between number of maxillary teeth and RPTL. e – g Boxplots of continuous traits grouped by posterior tooth phenotypes (0 grooved teeth vs. 1+ grooved teeth) for colubrids only. e Snakes with one or more grooved fang(s) have fewer maxillary teeth total. f Snakes with one or more grooved teeth have shorter maxillary bones. G. Snakes with one or more grooved teeth have larger fangs (RPTL)