Fig. 2

Predicted and observed responses of measured traits to pollinator selection, in the bumblebee (a), and hoverfly (b) experiments. The total predicted response of each trait is decomposed into its direct and indirect components (see text). Green triangles are the observed changes. Black dots are the predicted selection responses. The solid horizontal lines indicate the 95% HPD interval of the predictions. Both predicted and observed changes were scaled by the phenotypic standard deviation of the trait. Sample sizes pollinator selection: plant height: 524, flower traits: 525, volatiles: 414. Trait abbreviations: Plant height (Height), Petal width (PW), Petal length (PL), Flower diameter (FD), Benzaldehyde (Ben), Phenylacetaldehyde (PAA), α-Farnesene (FAR), Benzyl nitrile (BenN), 2-Amino benzaldehyde (Aben), Indole (Ind), Methyl anthranilate (MA), Phenylethyl alcohol (PA), Methyl salicylate (MS), Methyl benzoate (MB), Z-(3)-Hexenyl acetate (ZHA), 1-Butene-4-isothiocyante (ITC)