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Table 1 Effect of evolved, developmental, and short term acclimation effects on both cold and heat tolerance of recently cold-adapted individuals, in comparison to ancestral thermal tolerances. See Additional file 1: Table S2 for post-hoc comparisons of E vs. E + D and E + D vs. E + D + A effects on thermal tolerances

From: Maladaptive plasticity facilitates evolution of thermal tolerance during an experimental range shift

Lines

Treatment

Cold Tolerance

Estimate

SE

Pr(>|t|)

Heat Tolerance

Estimate

SE

Pr(>|t|)

Control

C

Baseline

Baseline

Fluctuating

Decline

E

Improved

−3.98

0.8

1.72E-06

Improved

0.42

0.214

0.04

E + D

Same

−0.77

0.8

0.05

Improved

0.57

0.214

0.008

E + D + A

Same

0.33

0.8

0.05

Worse

−0.59

0.214

0.006

Constant Decline

E

Same

−0.09

0.64

0.8

Same

0.31

0.23

0.17

E + D

Improved

−2.00

0.64

0.002

Same

−0.095

0.23

0.6

E + D + A

Improved

−2.98

0.64

7.6e-06

Worse

−0.56

0.23

0.0151