The evolutionary history of mitochondrial porins

Table 1 Characteristics of mitochondrial porin isoforms.

Organism	Porin isoform	Pore size (nS)^a,b	Ion selectivity^c	Gating	Complements Δpor1 yeast	Reference
Drosophila melanogaster	DVDAC or porin (AAL47980.1)	4.1^d 4.5^e	anion^d,e	yes^d,e	yes	[65]
	CG17137 or Porin2-PA (NP_609462)	(variable) 0.5–8^d 4.5^e	variable^d cation^e	variable^d no^e	yes	[65^d, 89^e]
	CG17140 (AAF53019)	1.38	anion	required 110 mV^f	no	[65]
	CG17139 (NP_609462)	none	n/d^g	n/d	no	[65]
Saccharomyces cerevisiae	Por1p or VDAC1 (NP_014343)	4.1	anion	yes	n/a^h	[90, 91]
	Por2p or YVDAC2 (NP_012152)	none	n/d	n/d	yes – at high copy	[39]
Mus musculus	VDAC1 (Q60932)	4.3	anion	yes	yes	[92]
	VDAC2 (NP_03582)	3.8	anion	yes	yes	[92]
	VDAC3 (NP_35826)	highly variable	n/d	n/d	partial	[92]
Homo sapiens	VDAC1 (NP_003365)	4.1	anion	yes	yesⁱ	[93]
	VDAC2 (NP_003366)	4.0	anion	yes	yes	[93]
	VDAC3 (NP_005653)	n/d	n/d	n/d	n/d
Triticum aestivum	VDAC1 (P46274)	3.8^d – 4.1	anion	yes	yes	[94, 95]
	VDAC2 (S59546)	4.0^d	anion	yes	yes	[94]
	VDAC3 (S59547)	4.0^d	anion	yes	partial	[94]
Lotus japonicus	VDAC1.1 (AAQ87019)	n/d	n/d	n/d	yes	[40]
	VDAC1.2 (AAQ87020)	n/d	n/d	n/d	yes	[40]
	VDAC2.1 (AAQ87022)	n/d	n/d	n/d	yes	[40]
	VDAC3.1 (AAQ87023)	n/d	n/d	n/d	yes	[40]
	VDAC1.3 (AAQ87021)	n/d	n/d	n/d	no	[40]

^a unless otherwise stated, prepared from mitochondrial membranes
^b in 1 M KCl or 1 M NaCl
^c pAnion/pCation = 1.5–1.8
^d isolated following heterologous expression in Saccharomyces
^e recombinant D. melanogaster VDAC2, expressed in E. coli and refolded in 1% Genapol X-080 in the presence of 0.5% (w/v) cholesterol
^f the midpoint for gating is usually around 50 mV
^g n/d, not determined
^h n/a, not applicable
ⁱ Complementation was performed with chimeric constructs in which the HVDAC1 and HVDAC2 genes were fused to the 11^th and 22^nd codons, respectively, of the yeast POR1 gene [93].

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