Figure 2

Orientation of butterflies towards the habitat. Starting direction of butterflies released in the AGGREG landscape matrix (i.e. outside habitat) at 15, 30 and 60 m of the habitat. Each dot represents one release (30 releases per distance and sex); lines around the 0° (arrow) delimit the angles directed towards the habitat patch. O: observed numbers of individuals orientating towards the patch; E: expected numbers under hypothesis of random starting direction; P: p-value for the one-tailed binomial test of orientation towards the habitat patch vs. random [54 p. 533]. No female was released at 60 m to limit the impact of lost females on reproduction rate in this protected and threatened species.