Fig. 1

Schematic representing (A) a classical and quantum superposition situation in RDA models. The classical situation represents an either/or scenario that arises when a species is associated with a specific gradient or RDA axis (e.g., species A with nutrients, species B with temperature). The quantum superposition scenario comprises a both/and scenario which emerges when a species is simultaneously associated with both gradients, as is the case with species X in this figure. (B) represents a reconciliation of quantum and classical logics in an attempt to inspire and advance novel eco-evolutionary theory of cryptic species or syngens