Fig. 3

Divergence in the cranial canal lateral line system of Astatotilapia calliptera from Lake Masoko (N = 199). a-b Principal Components Analysis (PCA) on the residuals of generalised Procrustes analysis (GPA) on landmark data summarising cranial lateral line system pore morphology. Landmarks are grouped by a the lateral-facing pores of the otic and posterior preopercular canal; and b the ventral-facing pores of the mandibular, infraorbital and anterior preopercular canals. Also shown are 95% confidence ellipses for the three genomically-defined subpopulations. c-j Raincloud plots [39] of mean pore areas of the cranial lateral line canals of the subpopulations of Astatotilapia calliptera from Lake Masoko. All plots show partial residuals of the response variable after accounting for: standard length (log₁₀ transformed); sex; gross lateral head morphology (PC1); and gross ventral head morphology (PC1). c Mean mandibular canal pore area grouped by genomic subpopulation. d Mean preopercular canal pore area grouped by genomic subpopulation. e Mean infraorbital canal pore area grouped by genomic subpopulation. f Mean otic canal pore area grouped by genomic subpopulation. g Mean mandibular canal pore area grouped by capture depth. h Mean preopercular canal pore area grouped by capture depth. i Mean infraorbital canal pore area grouped by capture depth. j Mean otic canal pore area grouped by capture depth. For all capture depth groupings, point colour indicates genetic subpopulation. For post-hoc comparisons (Tukey’s HSD): NS = not significant; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001