Figure 4From: Evolutionary diversity of bile salts in reptiles and mammals, including analysis of ancient human and extinct giant ground sloth coprolitesBile salts of snakes. The bile salt variation of snakes is overlaid on a tree that represents a summary of current knowledge of snake phylogeny based on molecular data. Major bile salts are those constituting more than 50% of total biliary bile salts. Minor bile salts account for less than 50% but more than 10% of total bile salts. Abbreviations: CA, cholic acid; 23R-OH, 23R-hydroxylated C24 bile acids (mainly 23R-hydroxylated cholic acid); Δ22, C24 bile acids with double bond at C22-23; C23, C23 bile acids; pythoCA, pythocholic acid.Back to article page