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Table 1 Characteristics of species used in this study

From: Molecular evolution of globin genes in Gymnotiform electric fishes: relation to hypoxia tolerance

Family

Species

Hypoxia-tolerant

Air breather

EOD type

Positive selected genes

Gymnotidae

Electrophorus electricus

yes

obligate

Pulse

Mb, Hba

Gymnotidae

Gymnotus cylindricus

yes

facultative

Pulse

 

Gymnotidae

Gymnotus omarorum

yes

facultative

Pulse

 

Hypopomidae

Brachyhypopomus gauderio

yes

facultative

Pulse

Mb, Hbb

Hypopomidae

Microsternarchus bilineatus

no

no

Pulse

 

Hypopomidae

Steatogenys elegans

no

no

Pulse

Mb

Rhamphichthyidae

Gymnorhamphichthys sp.

no

no

Pulse

 

Rhamphichthyidae

Rhamphicthys marmoratus

no

no

Pulse

 

Apteronotidae

Apteronotus albifrons

no

no

Wave

 

Apteronotidae

Parapteronotus hasemani

no

no

Wave

 

Sternopygidae

Eigenmannia virescens

mildly

no

Wave

Hbb

Sternopygidae

Sternopygus macrurus

no

no

Wave

Mb, Ngb

  1. Note: Designation of hypoxia tolerance based on habitat choice and physiological tests of hypoxia tolerance [10, 11, 72]