Table 3 Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA, 3-level) including both flat periwinkle species, after grouping populations by species
From: Phylogeographic history of flat periwinkles, Littorina fabalis and L. obtusata
Structure | Marker | Source of variation | d.f. | Variance components | % Variation | φ-statistics | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Group1 L. obtusata by pop | Cal | Among species | 1 | 2.4546 | 64.22 | 0.6422 | 0.0000 |
Among populations within species | 20 | 0.4868 | 12.74 | 0.3560 | 0.0000 | ||
Within populations | 230 | 0.8808 | 23.04 | 0.7696 | 0.0000 | ||
Group 2 L. fabalis by pop | Thio | Among species | 1 | 3.2135 | 70.58 | 0.7058 | 0.0000 |
Among populations within species | 23 | 0.6908 | 15.17 | 0.5157 | 0.0000 | ||
Within populations | 377 | 0.6488 | 14.25 | 0.8575 | 0.0000 | ||
mtDNA-NOINT | Among species | 1 | 3.5960 | 39.56 | 0.3956 | 0.0000 | |
Among populations within species | 22 | 3.9936 | 43.30 | 0.7165 | 0.0000 | ||
Within populations | 253 | 1.5576 | 17.14 | 0.8286 | 0.0000 |