Fig. 7

The ecological and temporal origins of living birds. Left side of the diagram shows the temporal and spatial range extensions and records of key small-bodied non-avian theropod clades found in the Lance Formation assemblage, and cladogram at right shows the major clades of stem and crown birds that survive to or past the K-Pg extinction, with ecologically relevant features that have been considered important to differential avian survival through that event noted along branches. All clades shown on tree are unambiguously represented in the Lance Formation assemblage, except Neoaves and Paleognathae. Divergence times for major lineages are primarily based on [2, 13, 14]. Outlines are public domain from phylopic.org or by the author. Bird illustrations are public domain by John Gould