| Null hypothesis tested | Test name | Test statistic | P | Reference* |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Test Ia | Uniform vs unimodal distribution with mean m = 0: females | Modified Rayleigh test for uniformity against a unimodal alternative with mean = 0 | R = 0.602 | < 0.0001 | [55] (p. 69) |
Test Ib | Uniform vs unimodal distribution with mean m = 0: males | Â | R = 0.433 | < 0.0001 | Â |
Test IIa | Symmetrical distribution around 0: females | Wilcoxon signed-rank test | W+ = 0.747 | 0.455 | [55] (pp. 80–81) |
Test IIb | Symmetrical distribution around 0: males | Â | W+ = 0.154 | 0.877 | Â |
Test IIIa | Goodness-of-fit for von Mises distribution: females | Watson's U2 | U2 = 0.115 | 0.020 | [69]†|
Test IIIb | Goodness-of-fit for von Mises distribution: males | Â | U2 = 0.070 | 0.085 | Â |
Test IVa | von Mises mean m = 0: females | Unnamed specific test | E n = -0.182 | 0.856 | [55] (pp. 93–94) |
Test IVb | von Mises mean m = 0: males | Â | E n = -0.782 | 0.434 | Â |
Test V | Equality of von Mises concentrations K i between sexes | Fisher f r ; p value estimated by permutation test | f r = 3.861 | 0.052 | [55] (pp. 131–132) |